organs will save lives - 911 Words

Intro to Academic Writing Caitlin Pierpoint Summary of Organ Sales Will Save Lives In the essay â€Å"Organ Sales Will Save Lives† by Joanna MacKay, kidney failure is the main topic. In her thesis, MacKay states that, â€Å"Governments should not ban the sale of human organs; they should regulate it (92).† The thesis is supported by one main reason: it will save lives. In America 350,000 people struggle each year from this situation. MacKay also states that with the legal selling of organs, more people will be willing to give up their kidneys. There are also other ways to save lives like dialysis, but this situation would only be for a temporary time period, transplant is definitely the way to go. People in third world countries are†¦show more content†¦Paying people for giving their kidneys would dramatically increase the number of donors and save many more lives as opposed to waiting for people to donate their organs out of the kindness of their heart and expect nothing in return. MacKay appeals to a person’s logical nature when s he states that money rules people, in which it very much so does. The money that could be gained from legal organ transactions is immense; MacKay states that it is in the ballpark of $25,000. MacKay’s solution would not only legalize the selling of organs, but also make it regulated by the government, eliminating many people’s fears of the possible consequences of legalization. She also argues how it would be easier to control the lawful sale of organs as opposed to the unlawful sale. It does an excellent job at providing the facts to reinforce her point and can easily convince readers to believe why her side is correct. The only major complaint I have is that the paper is too one sided. It would be interesting to see and opposing side or just a counter to many of her arguments. I realize that is not the point of her essay and she is trying to push us to her side, but I believe that the paper would be more interesting to readers if we had an opposing view on the subject. Other than that minor point her essay is well written and is great at expressing her side of theShow MoreRelatedOrgan Sales Will Save Lives1598 Words   |  7 Pagesare going through organ failure. The National Kidney Foundation even found, â€Å"Every fourteen minutes someone is added to the kidney transplant list†. Statistically speaking, that is a great deal of people in need of a vital organ. The author Joanna MacKay talks about the need for organ donations in her article â€Å"Organ Sales Will Save Lives†. MacKay disputes her case briefly when stating her thesis in the first paragraph. She gives the audience her opinion on how the selling of organs should be builtRead More Organ Donation Saves Lives Essay986 Words   |  4 PagesAbout seventy-Four people a day receive an organ transplant, however an average of seventeen people die each day waiting for transplants. Did you know that more than 88,000 men, women and children currently await life-saving t ransplants? Every 12 minutes another name is added to the national transplant waiting list. Of those 88,000 waiting, 61,000 of them are waiting for a kidney. How many of you reading this are organ donors? I use to feel that I didnt want a doctor taking anything from meRead MoreWhy Legalizing Organ Sales Will Help Save Lives, End Violence1094 Words   |  5 PagesAnthony Gregory writes in â€Å"Why Legalizing Organ Sales Would Help Save Lives, End Violence.† Gregory argues in the article that organ sale should be legalized in the United States. Gregory discusses the different range of arguments that people have that are opposed to the legalization of organ sale. He explains that organ sale is creating unnecessary suffering for needy patients and â€Å"violence.† The problem with Gregory’s article is that he uses direct quotations and extreme accusations that have noRead MoreOrgan Donation : An Organ Donor1068 Words   |  5 Pagesshould become organ donors . Choosing to become an organ donor provides the opportunity to save up to eight lives and improve the quality of life for many others with tissue donation. An organ donor can also provide comfort to the grieving family: the loss of the loved one will be helping others to live. Becoming an organ donor is much easier than many think. The decision can literally be done in just minutes. Web MD states, an organ transplant is the surgical removal of a healthy organ from one personRead MoreTransplant Surgery1118 Words   |  5 Pagesexchanging organs or even body parts to help or even save another persons life is truly amazing. Transplant surgery can save many lives without even affecting the donor at all. Organs can come from any body whether it be deceased, alive, or brain dead. New studies are even trying to get animal organs into humans who need them. The value of having transplant surgery weighs more than not being able to benefit or save someone s life. There is nothing un-ethical about where the organs come form asRead MoreOrgan Donation. â€Å"Organ Donation Is Not A Tragedy, But It1112 Words   |  5 PagesOrgan Donation â€Å"Organ donation is not a tragedy, but it can be a beautiful light, in the midst of one† (Unknown). There has been many disbeliefs about donating your organs over the years. The organ demand drastically exceeds the available supply, which is why more people need to be organ donors. People should become organ donors because of the limited availability of organs and the chance to save many lives. Although many people think that if you are an organ donor doctors won’t try as hard toRead MoreSale Of Organs And Its Effects On Society1417 Words   |  6 PagesSale of Organs An organ is a body tissue that helps in the general operation of the body. Selling organs is legally and morally wrong. However, some people still do that. Therefore, I believe that The law should ban people from selling their organs because each person was born with their organs. It is like property that the person should take care of. Also, organs buyers usually take advantage of the poor and weak people. I am against selling organs by all means for a number of reasons such as, theRead More Give a Heart, Save a Life760 Words   |  3 Pagestransplant human organs. This can give someone a second chance to live, or simply have a better life than they ever thought possible. One of the greatest road blocks when it comes to people being organ donors is the lack of information, and the misinformation that surround organ donation. And because of this, the number of people on the donor list compared to the amount of donors is terribly unbalanced. Although there is a misconception that a d octor may not try as hard to save someones life if theyRead MoreSave a Life842 Words   |  4 PagesSave a Life TOPIC: Organ Donating ORGANIZATION: Problem/ Solution SPECIFIC PURPOSE: I would like my audience to believe that acquiring information about organ donating will save lives and encourage people to donate. INTRODUCTION: I. Attention Getter: You have the ability to save lives by simply dying. What am I talking about? I am talking about organ donors. According to the official U.S. Government web site for organ and tissue donation, about 74 people receive organ transplantsRead MoreOrgan donation1256 Words   |  6 PagesSign up for organ donating Topic: Organ donation Specific Purpose: To motivate my audience to sign up for organ donation Thesis Statement: Signing up for organ donating will save more lives INTRODUCTION Attention Material: Organ transplantation is a miraculous procedure that can save lives and possibly have a new appreciation on it. But the overall of those that need them outweigh the people that have signed up for donning their organs. They people that need those organs to survive.

Religion in Schools Today - 1253 Words

The American Religious Experience In America today we all have choices to make in regards to our religious beliefs. Many young children are brought up today confused about religion and the significance it plays in their lives. There are many sanctions and rules now on what can and can t be thought or displayed to people on public property, but it wasn t always like this. In this paper I will be discussing the American religious experience in regards to the impact religion has in the public schools. since 1776 the United States has grown from a nation of relatively few religious differences to one of countless religious groups. This expanding pluralism challenges the public schools to deal creatively and sensitively with students†¦show more content†¦Teachers will want to avoid asking students to explain their beliefs and customs. An offer to do so should be treated with courtesy and accepted or rejected depending on the educational relevancy. Teachers may not use the study of religious holidays as an opport unity to proselytize or to inject personal religious beliefs into the discussion. Teachers should avoid this by teaching through attribution, i.e. by reporting that some Buddhists believe ... May religious symbols be used in public school classes? The use of religious symbols, provided they are used only as examples of cultural or religious heritage, is permissible as a teaching aid or resource. Religious symbols may be displayed only on a temporary basis as part of the academic program. Students may choose to create artwork with religious symbols, but teachers should not assign or suggest such creations. May religious music be used in public schools? Sacred music may be sung or played as part of the academic study of music. School concerts that present a variety of selections may include religious music. Concerts should avoid programs dominated by religious music, especially when these coincide with a particular religious holiday. The use of art, drama, or literature with religious themes also is permissible if it serves a sound educational goal in the curriculum, but not if used as a vehicle for promoting religious belief. What about Christmas? Decisions about what to do in December shouldShow MoreRelatedReligion Should Not Be Allowed in Public Schools1293 Words   |  6 PagesWhile students are attending public schools they should be aware of their religion options. The student should have the right to practice their religion as they please, just on the own time. Yes, religion plays a huge part in molding a person but, should be practiced when the time is available, not in a classroom setting. The government should have the ability to control the protection of the students that just want to learn. The capability to regulate the religious practices while attending publicRead More Religion Has No Place in Public Schools Essay1020 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscusses the prohibition of an established religion and allows the free exercise of religion. Thomas Jefferson had written a letter discussing the separation of church and state, which has resulted in many debates over the limitations of religion in the public schools (Hambur ger). There is research that supports both the arguments that students can benefit academically from the influence of religion and from keeping religious teachings separate from public schools. Early in Americas history, when itRead MoreDoes Religious Education Remain Relevant Today?984 Words   |  4 Pagescurrently about the future of Religious Education in the school curriculum. The main reason for this being the question: does Religious Education remain relevant today? In this essay I will explain why Religious Education is relevant today due to the growing secularisation of society, the increasing multiculturalism of the UK and the benefits it provides. I will also analyse the counter argument that society has moved on from the concept of religion and it should therefore not be taught as an academicRead MoreReligions Place in Education Essay1325 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract There have been many lawsuits that involve the issues between religion and government state laws and regulations. As of today religion is still a very emotional issue between Christian churches and schools. Issues such as prayer in school, reciting the pledge of allegiance (under God), teaching the Ten Commandments or evolution, are prohibited in public schools today. Educational administrators must be aware of these issues and the laws that must be adherent to. Religious Issues TheRead MoreEssay about Prayer in Schools523 Words   |  3 PagesPrayer in Schools Religion is any system of beliefs or the moral values that people follow. Some people actually define religion as their whole purpose in life. Religion is often times the key that defines who people are. Religion is where people find themselves and the purpose for their lives. Combine all these beliefs about religion and peoples pride and it is understandable why people are so devoted to their religious beliefs. This makes religion a crucial component to most peoplesRead MoreThe Lack of Separation of Church and State is an Attack on Americas Ideals1350 Words   |  6 Pagesspiritual lives. Today, hundreds of years later, our nation has yet to make this dream a reality. Government threatens the policy of separation of church and state in schools everyday. School sanctioned religiously based organizations, prayer in school, and President George W. Bushs faith based educational plans defy this American ideal. The governments support of religion in school is unconstitutional, unet hical, and degrading. Originally, religion and education were integrated. Most schools based theirRead MoreSociety of Colonial America Essay1247 Words   |  5 Pagesand are continuously seen today in American culture. The time period is also considered America’s development period as it is slowly grasping its own heritage and discovering its capability of becoming one of the most recognized countries of the world and as a superpower. But what are the many different elements from the time period that has remained dominant in American society today? This paper would cite some of the elements from the 1620-1700 which is still evident today. One of the most interestingRead MorePublic Schools All Over America975 Words   |  4 PagesWords are extremely powerful. In America today, we have the First Amendment that protects our freedom of speech but, just because you are able to say something doesn t mean that you should. The majority of people have heard the saying, â€Å"think twice before you speak.† This saying is important because you never know when your words will offend someone even if you had no intentions to do so. Two simple words have created a controversy in public schools all over America. These words are, â€Å"Merry ChristmasRead MoreGod V The Government: The Showdown Essay1573 Words   |  7 Pagescitizens. The Bill of Rights first Amendment states: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free Exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the Press; or the right of the People peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. The idea of making no law respecting an establishment of religion was revolutionary for the time. The concept of separation of church and state is never explicitly claimed inRead MoreDownfall of Education System was No School Prayer649 Words   |  3 Pagesprayer was removed from public school classrooms in 1962, we have had a 6-fold increase in violent crime, our divorce rate has tripled,births to single mothers have increased 5-fold, the teenage suicide rate has tripled, and SAT scores have dropped 10%.(Creation Today). Reasons that represent why prayer and moments of silence should be allowed in the public school system will be expressed. This essay will represent the affirmative stance when regarding this topic of school wide prayer and moments of

Occupational Safety and Health and International General Certificate Free Essays

Revised specification of the International General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety. The three unit structure remains unchanged (Unit IGC1: Management of international health and safety, Unit IGC2: Control of international workplace risks and Unit IGC3: International health and safety practical application).The format of Unit IGC1 and IGC2 assessments are unchanged and students sitting examinations between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2012 will be assessed on content common to both the International General Certificate (2007 specification) and the International General Certificate (2011 specification) syllabuses. We will write a custom essay sample on Occupational Safety and Health and International General Certificate or any similar topic only for you Order Now Examinations will not include revised syllabus content until 1 January 2013. The main change to the assessment is to Unit IGC3: International health and safety practical application which will be carried out in the student’s workplace from 1 January 2012. The assessment criteria and mark scheme for Unit IGC3 has been revised to the International General Certificate 2011 specification. Revised guidance for Unit IGC3 is available on the NEBOSH website www.nebosh.org.uk. This guidance must be read by the student and applied thoroughly as it will be the student’s responsibility to ensure the practical application is carried out in accordance with NEBOSH requirements.The NEBOSH International General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety is a globally recognised qualification offered by an established independent UK examination board with over 30 years’ experience in providing health and safety awards in the UK and across the world including the Middle East, the West Indies and South East Asia. The NEBOSH International General Certificate (IGC) covers the principles relating to health and safety, identification and control of workplace hazards and the practical application of this knowledge. The IGC syllabus takes a risk management approach based on best practice and international standards, such as the International Labour Organisation (ILO) codes of practice. Local laws and cultural factors may form part of the study programme where relevant and appropriate. No previous health and safety knowledge is required. However it should be noted that the examination is offered, and must be answered, in English, and that the course includes a requirement to write a short report, which must also be in English. NEBOSH recommends that candidates undertaking the NEBOSH International General Certificate should reach the equivalent of a scoring of 6.0 or higher under the International English Language Testing System (IELTS). The qualification is divided into three units, each of which is assessed separately: Management of international health and safety (IGC1) Control of international workplace hazards (IGC2) International health and safety practical application (IGC3 How to cite Occupational Safety and Health and International General Certificate, Papers

Growth Strategy of Woodside Petroleum

Question: Discuss about the Growth Strategy of Woodside Petroleum. Answer: Introduction Woodside Petroleum is the largest oil and gas exploration and production company in Australia. The Company was founded in 1954 and the headquarters of the company are situated in Perth, Australia. The company is named after a small town in Woodside, Victoria. In the 1960s, the major investors in the company were Shell as the Burmah Oil Corporation. Later, BHP replaced Burmah and BHP and Shell each obtained 40% share in the company. Later both the companies sold their major stake in Woodside Corporation (Livemint, 2010). The operations of the company can be divided into three sections, namely, exploration, development and production. In the exploration operations, the company has diversified its portfolio by creating strategic alliance and engaging in exploration operations in Asia Pacific, Australia, Sub-Saharan Desert and Latin America. Along with it, it also focuses on research and development in the oil field. For instance, the Pluto and the North West Shelf project have implement ed innovative technology for the development and identification of new petroleum sites (Woodside, 2017). Growth Strategies of Organization The company was founded in 1954 and since then has become the largest oil production and exploration corporation in Australia. The earlier operations of the company were focused on Victorias Gippsland Basin. Later in 1960s, Woodside made alliance with Shell and Burmah Oil to explore North West Shelf Gas, Australias biggest resource development project. Burmah Oil was replaced by BHP and eventually BHP sold its entire stakes in the company. In 2000, Shell also planned to sell its shares in the company. In 2010, Shell sold approximately, one-third of its shares to the institutional shareholders of the company (Shell, 2014). It has presence in several countries in Africa, Asia and Canada. The company has pursued the strategy of partnership to enhance its presence in different countries (Woodside, 2017). The vision of the company is to increase the shareholder returns from the company by developing its operations in the upstream oil and gas sector. The strategy of the company can be divided into following categories: capitalizing on the values of the companys core assets, increasing the capabilities of the company and diversifying the portfolio of the companys operations. The competitive advantage of the company is its distinct location wherein the company has abundant resources and has developed strong relationships with other companies with its world class projects. The company is focused to increase the value of its assets by operational effectiveness and increasing their life, with simultaneously increasing the number of assets. In order to increase its operational efficiency, the company has implemen ted the use of technology and world class infrastructure (Woodside, 2017). Unethical Business Practices In the recent years, Woodside Petroleum has received criticism from several entities for unethical practices. Woodside Petroleum gained international attention when the Mauritanian government made accusation that the oil contract made by the company is against the interest of the company. In 2004, Woodside planned to invest six hundred million dollars to develop the Chinguetti project in Mauritania (Kloff and Van Spanje, 2004). However, the government denounced the contract after it found that the contract terms were against the national interests and reduced the governments share in the profits (Wilson, 2007). The contract terms include reduced taxes, fewer shares in the revenue and forced guarantee of the initially investing banks. The government further claimed that the management of the company bribed the officials of Mauritanian government to establish the contract (BBC, 2006). The company did not follow international arbitration practices in contract which resulted in criticism of the company from the government and major media agencies (Baker and May, 2008). Another initiative of the company which invited criticism from agencies all across the world was onshore processing plant in in Burrup Peninsula in Western Australia. It was the part of the companys Pluto LNG project; however, the exploration site had several years old petroglyphs, a part of the aboriginal art. In the site, 30,000 year old rocks were carved from images including kangaroos, lizards and tigers. It is in the international Worlds monument list. However, industrial activity in this area adversely impacted the world heritage site. Woodside Petroleum has built new LNG plant in nearby locations and the industrial emissions from these plants damaged the rocks. They are impacting the health standards and the international environment (ABC News, 2008). Moreover, when the company decided to build the LNG plant, it transferred the rocks with the inscription to a nearby location which damaged the natural setting of the rocks. Environmental Analysis The environmental analysis of the company examines the external and the internal environment of the company. The external environment can be examined through macro analysis of the company with PESTEL analysis whereas the internal environment of the company can be determined through SWOT analysis (Griffin, 2010). Woodside is a leading oil exploration and production company. The PESTEL analysis of the company is as follows: Political factors: In the petroleum and oil production companies, the government plays a crucial role as petroleum is a highly regulated sector. The geopolitical conflicts and the political instability also impacts on the petroleum organization. The crude oil is also associated with the stock exchange and the forex reserves. Moreover, the petroleum companies need labor; therefore, they have to follow the labor laws and environmental policies. As the petroleum companies are large in size, they have to properly implement the environment and the labor laws. Economic factors: The economic factors that can impact the petroleum companies include the economic growth and the foreign trade of the country. The oil exploration and production is strongly correlated to the economic growth of the company as sell of petroleum increases the revenue. The economic conditions of the market impact the supply and the demand of the oil and subsequently impact the oil prices of the company (Cong, 2008). Social Factors: In the oil and the petroleum industry, the social factors include the demography, income and culture of the target market. In the petroleum companies, skilled and professional workers are required and accordingly, the companies decide high remuneration to attract the best workforce. The government of the countries encourages oil exploration and production as it has a drastic effect on the living standard of the company. However, certain people are against oil exploration and production as it increases the pollution in the country and damages the natural heritages (Griffin, 2010). Technological factors: The petroleum industry relies on advanced technology and exploration methods. A large number of petroleum production corporations invest on research and development to increase the operational efficiency and production methods. Therefore, the technology has a severe influence in the oil production organizations. Environment: The environmental factors are crucial in oil companies as a large number of international organizations scrutinize the oil companies for their role in environmental pollution. The oil companies have to invest in environment-friendly techniques for waste management and reduce controlling the environmental impact of the exploration and other operations in the oil production (Wlde, 2008). Legal: The petroleum companies face several legal issues and control. The companies have to take legal permission before initiating a new exploration project. They have to take care of the environmental laws as they are in regular scrutiny of the government (Wlde, 2008). Specific Environment of Woodside: The specific environment of Woodside Petroleum can be explored by the Porters five force model. According to this model, there are five forces that are used to examine the potential opportunities and the risk for the company in a specific industry (Griffin, 2010). In the following section, the specific environment for Woodside has been examined: Competitive Rivalry: In the petroleum industry, the competition among the upstream sector is intense. The petroleum companies can be divided in integrated oil companies, private oil companies and the state owned oil companies. Therefore, the competitive rivalry among the oil companies is high (Porter, 2008). Threats of New Entrants In the petroleum sector, the threat of the new entrant is relatively low. It is due to the massive initial capital requirement, high internal competition, licensing complexities, oil and gas market volatility and the national and international law restrictions. Threats of substitutes The primary products of the oil industry can be replaced by nuclear energy, coal, hydrogen, bio-fuels. However, these energy resources are unable to substitute oil to lack of technology and performance outcomes. The renewable energy resources need considerable investment before they become a threat to the oil industry. Bargaining power of Buyers The primary buyers of the petroleum are refineries, oil companies, distribution companies and different countries. The oil prices of the companies are dependent upon the blend and the production countries. The customers have little impact on the supply and price determination. The bargaining power in the oil and the gas industry is relatively small due to the nature of the product. Bargaining power of Suppliers In the oil industry, the suppliers can be considered as the international oil companies which are active in the whole value chain of the oil extraction. The ability of these enterprises to affect the oil prices is high due to their involvement in all the business activities of the oil industry. SWOT Analysis The internal environment of the Woodside Petroleum can be examined through the SWOT analysis. Strengths Market leader in Australia Access to the worlds richest oil basins Australias largest oil and gas assets Active exploration company Experience in design engineering and seashore exploration (Mac-Donald Smith, 2017) Weaknesses Several legal issues such as corruption and acquisition of natural gas territories Limited operational area Relatively smaller in size in comparison to other oil corporations Opportunities The development of the LNG projects can increase the companys LNG capabilities The company can develop new site near Australia to expand its capabilities Strategic alliance with other oil companies to boost the international expansion opportunities Threats The emergence of the Shale gas Operational risks associated with the exploration and production of oil Organization culture and Leadership Style Woodside Petroleum has adopted an aggressive growth strategy. In order to achieve its growth targets, the company has focused on a cultural change wherein the company is trying to build a high performance culture. As a result of several interventions from the HR department, the company has reduced the voluntarily turnover and create a fast paced work environment. The employees of the company are able to achieve higher benchmarks and performance level. The leadership style of leaders is transformational wherein the leader works with the subordinates to identify the needed change and motivates the employees through motivation (Korn Ferry, 2017). Conclusion It can be concluded that Woodside is a major oil and petroleum corporation in Australia. The company is the largest oil production company in Australia and has operations in several overseas countries. In order to grow strongly in the international arena, the company is investing in developing new technologies and research and development. Moreover, the company is operational in both upstream and downstream operations of the company. It has been identifies that he recent strategic initiatives by the company to invest in the oil plant in Mauritania and offshore exploration in Burrup Peninsula in Western Australia has invited criticism from all across the world. The company is criticized for bribing the countrys officials and forming contract against the international arbitration laws. On the other hand, in the Burrup Peninsula case, the company has initiated a refinery in the national heritage site. It has invited flak from various international agencies. The political factors impact the petroleum industry as it is a highly regulated sector. Moreover, the companies are also influenced by the economic growth and the financial performance of the country. The strengths of the company are its strong brand name and the establishment in Australia. The company should explore other options in other countries of the world. In order to boost the performance of the company, the senior management has adopted transformational leadership style. References Livemint, 2010. Shell surprises with $3.3 billion Woodside stake selldown. [Online] Available at: https://www.livemint.com/Companies/iiGIep1MUcshmG3yYJaNyI/Shell-surprises-with-33-billion-Woodside-stake-selldown.html [Accessed 19 January. 2017]. Woodside, 2017. Our Business. [Online] Available at: https://www.woodside.com.au/Our-Business/Developing/Pages/home.aspx#.WIBAdlV97IU [Accessed 19 January. 2017]. Shell, 2014. Shell Completed Sell-Down of 78 Million Shares in Woodside. [Online] Available at: https://www.shell.com/media/news-and-media-releases/2014/shell-completed-sell-down-78million-shares-in-woodside.html [Accessed 19 January. 2017]. Woodside, 2017. THE WOODSIDE COMPASS. [Online] Available at: https://www.woodside.com.au/About-Us/Pages/The-Woodside-Compass.aspx#.WIBoq1V97IU [Accessed 19 January. 2017]. BBC, 2006. Mauritania and firm row over oil. BBC News. [Online] Available at: https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4684836.stm [Accessed 19 January. 2017]. Wilson, 2007. Woodside abandons Mauritania at a loss. The Australian Business Review. [Online] Available at: https://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/mining-energy/woodside-abandons-mauritania-at-a-loss/news-story/2a9be6e9666e8d0d439e18c84cd6599e [Accessed 19 January. 2017]. Baker, R. and May, J, 2008. Woodside drill deep into an African money pit. The Sydney Morning Herald. [Online] Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/national/woodside-drill-deep-into-an-african-money-pit-20080704-31x9.html [Accessed 19 January. 2017]. ABC News, 2008. Resources boom 'putting Aboriginal rock art at risk'. [Online] Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2008-07-25/resources-boom-putting-aboriginal-rock-art-at-risk/452390?site=news [Accessed 19 January. 2017]. Korn Ferry, 2017. Case study: Woodside leadership development program. [Online] Available at: https://www.haygroup.com/au/downloads/details.aspx?id=26440 [Accessed 19 January. 2017]. Cong, R.G., Wei, Y.M., Jiao, J.L. and Fan, Y., 2008. Relationships between oil price shocks and stock market: An empirical analysis from China. Energy Policy, 36(9), pp.3544-3553. Porter, M.E., 2008. The five competitive forces that shape strategy. Harvard business review, 86(1), pp.25-40. Kloff, S. and Van Spanje, T., 2004. A review of Woodsides Draft Environmental Impact Statement of the Chinguetti Offshore Oil Development Project in Mauritania. Mineral Policy Institute. Wlde, T., 2008. Renegotiating acquired rights in the oil and gas industries: Industry and political cycles meet the rule of law. Journal of World Energy Law Business, 1(1), pp.55-97. Mac Donald Smith, A, 2017. woodside-petroleum-can-grow-without-acquisitions. [Online] Available at:https://www.afr.com/business/energy/oil/woodside-petroleum-can-grow-without-acquisitions-ceo-20170119-gtuif1 [Accessed 19 January. 2017]. Griffin, R.W, 2010. Management. Boston: Cengage Learning.

Into the Wild free essay sample

Getting Ready to Read Into the Wild is a nonfiction, full-length text by Jon Krakauer. Published in 1996, it is based on an article Krakauer wrote in Outside Magazine about Christopher McCandless, a young college graduate who went off to Alaska and died in the woods. Because Krakauer’s article drew a huge amount of mail to the magazine, he decided to write a book about this interesting character. He’s a young, idealistic guy who forms a life philosophy based on his experience and his reading in college. His idealism, ironically, leads to his death by starvation. He makes choices that seem foolish as we look at them now. But McCandless genuinely loved the outdoors and wanted to live in the world without all the trappings of money and his middle-class upbringing. Into the Wild is, in a way, a mystery story. We’re unsure as to why he rejects his family, why he’s so angry with them, and why he chooses to head for Alaska. We will write a custom essay sample on Into the Wild or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Quickwrite: * Think about your experience hiking, backpacking, and/or existing in the wild. What are the benefits of any one of these activities? or * Think about some alternative plans you might have to beginning college immediately after high school. What might you do? Why would you do it, and for how long could you see yourself doing that activity? or * Think about an experience you have had when you were alone and made some misjudgments that could have led to disaster but didn’t (it doesn’t have to be in the outdoors). What miscalculations did you make and how did you avert disaster? Activity 2: Introducing Key Concepts We know about characters from their actions, their thoughts, what they say, heir appearance, and what others say about them. This book explores a character, Chris McCandless, and the actions he takes. Before reading about him, complete this pre-reading activity. Read the scenarios below and use specific words to describe the character in the scenario. In groups, you will compare your lists, then turn in your finalized list of descriptive words to your teacher. Mary was from the Valley. She used the word â€Å"like† in front of most of her adjectives when she spoke and talked quite a bit. On her 16th birthday she expected to get a car. It was a given. Her friends thought she would get a pink Maserati, but she was sure her parents would buy her the candy-apple red Alfa Romeo. The day of her birthday came, and as she peered out her bedroom window, she noticed a new car in the driveway, but it was yellow—surely not hers. She thought it may have been the new cleaning woman’s. She did not see any other car in the long driveway. She ran down to get a closer look. It was a new canary-colored convertible Volkswagen bug. On the front driver’s-side seat was a birthday note to her. She burst into tears and ran into the house. What does this mean? Are all biographers impartial? What might we expect from Krakauer? * In the last paragraph, Krakauer introduces the complexity of Chris McCandless. Keep in mind the following four questions as you read the text: 1 Should we admire McCandless for his courage and noble ideas? 2 Was he a reckless idiot? 3 Was he crazy? 4 Was he an arrogant and stupid narcissist? Activity 4: Making Predictions and Ask Questions (Extra Credit) * Find an issue of Outside Magazine and write a one-page report describing the magazine, its audience, the kinds of articles it publishes, and so forth. Then ask yourself these questions: * Why do you think Krakauer wrote this particular book? * Who do you think is the intended audience for this book? Note that the book’s roots can be found in a long article about McCandless in Outside Magazine. Activity 6: First Reading Quickwrites (5 minutes) After you finish each chapter, write down what you think the chapter’s main focus is and what the author is trying to accomplish in that chapter. Here are some other questions to ask yourself:  · What are the issues the author is discussing? (this is basically a summary). What does the author want us to believe? this is the author’s purpose) Because you will be given directed tasks as you read Into the Wild, you will need to flip back and forth in this guide. For example, you might read chapters 1 and 2, practice a reading strategy, skip to the section on vocabulary for those chapters, skip on to the section that gives you strategies for rereading, and so forth. Reading Chapters 1 and 2: The Beginning and the End Note the epigraphs that begin each of these chapters. One is by a friend of Chris McCandless and the other is by McCandless, followed by a quotation from White Fang, by Jack London. In a notebook, keep track of the literary quotations that Krakauer uses in his epigraphs. Make note of all the maps that begin the text. * What is your assessment of Chris McCandless so far? Keep notes as you read, ask questions of the text, and write down your reactions. Reading Chapter 3: Home Jot down your thoughts on the following questions: * What was Westerberg like? What kind of character did he have? * What was McCandless like? What kind of character did he have? Would you have liked to know him? Reading Chapters 4–7: The Journey Study the map that begins Chapter 4 and refer to it as you follow McCandless’s journey. Jot down answers to the following as you read these chapters: * In your notebook, list the people McCandless met along the way. * What was it about McCandless’s personality that made an impression on people? * Note Alex’s journal. Why do you think he avoided using the first person when he talked about himself? (He did not use â€Å"I. †) * What is the purpose of Chapter 4? * Characterize Ronald Franz. What kind of a human being was he? Did he have your sympathy? Why or why not? * What more did you learn about Alex’s relationship with his father? Do you think his anger is justified? Why or why not? Reading Chapters 8–10: The Outcasts * What is the function of these chapters? What is their relationship to the rest of the text? * Why did Krakauer interrupt the McCandless story with Chapters 8 and 9? * Were you surprised that McCandless left trails so that the authorities could find out who he was? * What’s in a name? Does it matter that we have the name we were given by our parents? How do names matter? Does your name fit you? If not, what name would you choose? Why? Reading Chapters 11–13: Family History These three key chapters give background information that will help you piece together the mystery of McCandless. Chapter 11 fills in his personal past; Chapter 12 fills in his family past; and Chapter 13 chronicles McCandless’s family’s grief. Jot down the surprises (if any) that you encountered as you read. * What was McCandless like as a child and as a teen? What was he like as an adult? Were there indications throughout his life as to the kind of person he would become? * Do you think you are essentially the same person you were as a child? How have you changed? Reading Chapters 14 and 15: Krakauer Interjects * Why does Krakauer talk about himself in these two chapters? Do you like his interjections? What is your reaction to his description of his own climbing experience? * How is Krakauer’s life related to McCandless’s? * John Menlove Edwards said that climbing is a â€Å"psycho-neurotic tendency. † Do you think that is so? Always? * Do you think that Edwards defines McCandless? How is he psycho-neurotic? Reading Chapters 16–18: Into the Alaskan Wild Go back to the author’s notes and jot down your thoughts on the questions Krakauer asks at that point: * Was McCandless crazy? * Was he just ignorant? * Did he have a death wish? * Investigate further the wild sweet peas and wild potatoes McCandless ate. Were they toxic? Reading the Epilogue: Grief * What was your initial sense of McCandless’s mental condition compared to what you think now? Have you changed your mind? * What was your reaction to his parents as they visited the bus? Activity 7: Looking Closely at Language Because this reading is a full-length book, there are many new words to learn. You learn most of the words you know from hearing them or reading them. Here are some clues to help you learn new words as you are reading. 1 Notice what comes before and after the word for clues as well as the parts of the word itself you may already know. Link your prior knowledge with what you are reading—make connections to the word or subject. 3 Make predictions about the word’s meaning. 4 Use references to find more about the word. 5 Make connections to a key concept and, if relevant, place the new word and its meaning in your concept dictionary. Activity 8: Rereading the Text Our first reading of a book gives us the story line, the major conflicts, and a sense of what the author intends. The second (or third) reading provides richer analyses and a deeper understanding of the text. In the author’s notes, Krakauer provides a guide to our reading—especially to our subsequent reading of Into the Wild. As you look at the text again, go back to the four questions he asks in his â€Å"notes. † 1 Was McCandless admirable for his courage and noble ideas? 2 Was he a reckless idiot? 3 Was he crazy? 4 Was he a narcissist who perished out of arrogance and stupidity—and was he undeserving of the considerable media attention he received? Make marginal notes as you reread the text. When you respond to the chapter questions, cite the text, if necessary, where you find evidence for your judgments. Chapters 1 and 2 Each chapter begins with a short epigraph (a quotation that is relevant to that chapter). Now that you have a better sense of Chris McCandless’s story, why do you think these epigraphs are relevant to these chapters? Chapter 3 * How would you characterize McCandless’s relationships with other people: his parents, his sister, Westerberg? * What did his friends make of his secretive life? Chapters 4–7 As you read, see if you can find evidence of Alex’s preparation for Alaska: Read Thoreau’s â€Å"On the Duty of Civil Disobedience† and consider how Alex might have incorporated Thoreau’s advice into his life philosophy. Read some of Jack London’s work that we know influenced Alex: The Call of the Wild, White Fang, â€Å"To Build a Fire,† â€Å"An Odysse  Consider McCandless’s family history. * Does that change your view of him? * Characterize each of McCandless’s family members. What are their strengths and weaknesses? * Was McCandless reasonable in his reaction to his parents’ past? Should he have forgiven them? * How do you think the information about his parents affected McCandless? * Does his anger at them explain something about McCandless’s choices in life? * Chapter 12 ends with McCandless’s mother talking about a dream (nightmare? ) that she had. Have you ever had such a thing happen to you? Should we take dreams such as these seriously. Into the Wild free essay sample In the world of journalism, there is a code of ethics known as journalistic integrity, which when followed, ensures that the work done by journalists meets certain standards. Journalistic integrity includes fair, unbiased material with truth and accuracy. This is a tough job, and journalists sometimes let their own experiences and opinions interfere with journalistic integrity. A very obvious example of this is Jon Krakauer’s account of the odyssey of Chris McCandless: Into the Wild. He shows a lack of objectivity, along with a lack of impartiality, based off of his obsession with the American Spirit. We will write a custom essay sample on Into the Wild or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is very easy to notice this lack of objectivity and impartiality throughout the book. Throughout Into the Wild, Krakauer uses examples of the â€Å"American Spirit,† and applies it to both his life and Chris McCandless’s. When he was writing the book, Krakauer felt a connection to Chris because of their similarities, including the American Spirit. This connection brought a lot of criticism to Krakauer, because it made it hard for him to say anything negative about Chris. There are several examples of Krakauer’s American Spirit, which was overall shown through his thrill for adventure. Krakauer shows that in his youth he â€Å"†¦ devoted most of my waking hours to fantasizing about, and then undertaking, ascents of remote mountains in Alaska† (Krakauer 134). What he means here is that he always had a hunger for climbing. He also shows off his thrill for adventure here: â€Å"How would it feel, I wondered, to be balanced on that bladelike summit ridge, worrying over the storm clouds building in the distance† (Krakauer 133). This quote really stands out, as he is attracted to what most people fear. Like many people, he â€Å"†¦was stirred by the dark mystery of mortality† (Krakauer 155). In other words, he was interested in and embraced the fact that at some point his life would end, and he had no idea when. Krakauer’s parents had a different version of the American Spirit. Krakauer states that he and his siblings â€Å"†¦were hectored to excel in every class, to win medals in science fairs, to be chosen princess of the prom, to win election to student government† (Krakauer 148). As you can see here, his parents had very different ideas for Krakauer’s life than he did. Throughout the book, Krakauer seems to glorify most of McCandless’s actions, even a lot of the illogical ones. He is so impartial because in lot of ways he sees himself in Chris, so he only wanted to focus on the smart and brave things that he did. You can tell that Krakauer sees himself in McCandless from the way he compares himself to him; at one point he states that â€Å"†¦Like McCandless, figures of male authority aroused in me a confusing medley of corked fury and hunger to please† (Krakauer 134). This shows that he hated society, yet he still cared about what people thought about him. When it comes to objectivity, Krakauer does not do a very good job; at many points he puts himself into the story, such as here: â€Å"As a youth, I am told, I was willful, intermittently reckless, moody† (Krakauer 134). In this quote, he is also comparing himself to McCandless; this is furthermore showing that he is bias. He even has chapters about himself going though his own personal experiences, which is a lack of objectivity. Also, whenever he does talk about McCandless, he often inserts his own opinions into the story. From his opinions, it makes it very obvious that Krakauer admires almost everything that McCandless did during his odyssey. While Krakauer is obviously a strong supporter of McCandless and his great adventure, he also tells it accurately. Even though he makes attempts to justify the extremely stupid and reckless things that McCandless did on his journey, Krakauer still does in fact mention all of, or at least most of, the stupid and reckless things that Chris did on his journey. He includes the opinions of many of McCandless’s critics, along with many of his supporters. Krakauer also includes many of McCandless’s journal entries throughout the book, with some very long, and others as short as â€Å"MOOSE! † (Krakauer 166). McCandless wrote this when he shot a moose, which he later recalled as one of the worst tragedies of his life, because the moose quickly spoiled. While Krakauer does in fact make his story accounting the life of Chris McCandless accurate, he also certainly fails to make it impartial and unbiased. He seems to justify all of Chris’s mistakes poorly conceived plans. The fact that Krakauer used this technique likely drove people away from the book; it is also likely that this pulled other people towards the book. Overall, this book is bias, yet it still has accurate and honest accounts. Throughout all of Into the Wild Krakauer seems to have no regards for the rules of journalistic integrity. As a result, the reader does not get a full, genuine portrayal of Chris McCandless’s journey; they instead see McCandless through the eyes of Krakauer, which is overall just a reflection of Krakauer himself. As a result of Krakauer’s lack of ability to leave himself out of the story, along with his personal opinions of McCandless, the biography completely lacks the integrity of journalism. Into The Wild free essay sample Into the Wild tells so much about the person Chris Mishandles was, his story, and the tragedy of it all. But only a few chapters explain how he became the way he did and how It led him to do some of the things he did. He thought differently, worked at a deferent pace, and embraced life unlike any other. But, why? Many things In Chris life shaped him and made him the way he was before his tragic ending. Chris was always fearless. On page 109, It talks about how Chris father, Walt, took Chris on a three day hike, when he was eight, In the Shenandoah to climb Old Rag.Then Walt talks about how himself, his wife, kids from the other marriage, and Chris went to climb Long Peaks In Colorado. At 13,000 feet, Walt wanted to turn around and go back but Chris wanted to keep going. He wouldve risked the dangerous path. We will write a custom essay sample on Into The Wild or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even later on, when he left to Alaska, he would take risks and do dangerous things. Walt had said, He didnt think the odds applied to him. He had no fears, and he did what he wanted. Chris never followed rules nor listened to anyone. He did his own thing at his own pace and the majority of the time, he was better at it than anyone else.But hed also et into trouble. Chris got an F in high school physics because he refused to write a paper in the format the teacher wanted. This same characteristic can be seen later on during his trip, when he worked at McDonalds, he would work at a slow pace all the time but hed always show up on time. He got into the habit of doing things how he wanted to do them when he was younger and thats how it always stayed. Chris friend, Giggler, explained how he would think a lot about heavy-duty stuff. It seems that Chris always wants to help and do things that are farther than his reach and bigger than him.His friends talk about how hed walk around Washington talking to prostitutes and homeless people. He once tried to convince his friends to help stop the racial oppression in South Africa. He was a dreamer, and that affected everything he did. In conclusion, throughout his whole life, Chris was always the same person. He was fearless and never followed rules. He followed his own path and did things at his own pace. He thought a lot about deep things, and he was a dreamer. Even later on, during his adventure across the country, we read about these same characteristics In the things he does and the people he talked to.He was an unique Individual. How it led him to do some of the things he did. He thought differently, worked at a different pace, and embraced life unlike any other. But, why? Many things in Chris Chris was always fearless. On page 109, it talks about how Chris father, Walt, took Chris on a three day hike, when he was eight, in the Shenandoah to climb Old Rag. Went to climb Long Peaks in Colorado. At 13,000 feet, Walt wanted to turn around and during his adventure across the country, we read about these same characteristics in the things he does and the people he talked to. He was an unique individual.

Cuban Embargo essays

Cuban Embargo essays Since 1962 there has been an embargo on Cuba. Within the last 40 years we have seen the Cuban way of life turn into absolute poverty and a struggle. Cubas economy has done nothing but fall into an absolute depression, which shows no change in the way its heading. Other countries also disagree with the embargo and believe that it should be lifted. With the embargo in affect we have accomplished nothing, considering that their government has not changed and the tyrant Fidel Castrol is still in power. Therefore after 40 years it is time to lift the unilateral economic sanctions put against Cuba. One of the worst things about the embargo against Cuba is that it ruins the lives of people that had nothing to do with why the embargo was placed on Cuba. The people have been held against their will since Castro overthrew Batistia. Though Cuba does have better education and health-care systems then other Latin American countries it has all been under an authoritarian communist government that has allowed little dissent. . The embargo is harmful primarily to ordinary citizens, not to Castro or his government, critics say (Serrano For example, Cubans cannot get many of the most up-to-date prescription medicines, because a high proportion of important new drugs come from U.S. pharmaceutical companies (Cuban Embargo 3). The embargo also limits access to chemicals needed to treat unsafe drinking water. Allowing humanitarian groups to send donated goods to Cuba, the group says, is insufficient. "Charity is an inadequate alternative to free trade in medicines, medical supplies and f ood," the report concluded. Since the embargo, Cas...

Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 5

Finance - Essay Example It might happen that the actual results of the business diverts from the planned structure, leading to financial deviation in measurements. When the actual results match with the forecast there is a profit whereas when there is a mismatch it leads to a loss. So at the very outset it is known that the forecasts may not materialize. This is known as risk. The possibility of risk arises when there is an uncertainty regarding the outcome of an event. Suppose, a US based company wants to set up its operations in UK. For this it has to set up a new unit in UK, buy equipments, employ new staff etc. All this requires funds. This can be obtained as loans from financial institutions. But the loan comes at a cost which is the rate of interest that the company has to pay on the amount raised. This exposes the company to interest rate risk. If the rate of interest rises, the interest burden of the company increases putting a strain on the earnings. A new investment has to face the risk of market competition. The existing competitors may have a strong market reputation. This will make it difficult to penetrate the market. If the company’s product is not accepted by the customers this might result in loss of huge revenues. It is important that the management has proper strategies in place to counter this risk. The company accepts a project based on an anticipation of future cash inflows. But there remains an uncertainty about the generation of the future cash flows. If an organization sells goods on credit, there is a possibility of non-payment by the debtors. This will impact the profitability of the project. To ensure that the non-payment does not affect the project performance the company must take the requisite steps. The overseas operations of the company give rise to foreign currency receivables and payables. It has to pay for the purchase of raw material, equipments and other costs in the foreign

Are some cultures inherently incompatible to democracy Essay

Are some cultures inherently incompatible to democracy - Essay Example However, there was a substantial drawback after Mussolini took power in Italy, and this led to reversal of gains made towards democracy. The number of democratic states reduced significantly in the world to 12 (Huntington, 1993). This was revived after allies won the World War II. This led to a second wave of democratization with 36 countries being governed democratically (Huntington, 1993). Likewise, there was a reverse wave, and the number of democracies came back to 30 (Huntington, 1993). Currently, the third wave is in operation. There are crucial factors that have contributed to the occurrence and timing of third wave move to democracy. Firstly, it is caused by the deepening legitimacy problem of authoritarian regimes in a world where democratic principles are widely accepted. Many people depended on the success of such regimes, but they have been recently faced by the inability to achieve and present economic support. Secondly, the economic success of the 1960 prompted the deve lopment of urban middle class in the majority of the countries. Thirdly, there was a modification of catholic ideologies from the maintenance of the status quo and condemnation of authoritarianism (Huntington, 1993). Fourth, there was external pressure mainly from European Community, the United States, and the Soviet Union (Owen 2002). Lastly, protest has played a key role for subsequent efforts at democratization (Ranker, L. et al. 2007). T

Pick a brand, especially which has recently been in a challenge to Essay

Pick a brand, especially which has recently been in a challenge to promote its brand in an international level due to its newnes - Essay Example The company entered smart phone market with Galaxy S (sub brand of Galaxy) to compete with market leaders, such as Apple. The company within next two years slowly expanded the product portfolio under Galaxy brand name. Product portfolio of Samsung Galaxy brand can be described in the following manner. Galaxy S Galaxy S 2 & S 3 Galaxy Note Galaxy Tab Galaxy Ace Galaxy Nexus Galaxy Tab Samsung Galaxy S series is complemented with Android operating system. In the initial phase the company implemented latest hardware technology to improve performance of the phone. The company promoted the product with triplet unique selling proposition: Multimedia phone with latest application Slim and trendy look (thickness of 9.91mm) Unique design with feeling of human touch Branding Assessment Consumer’s perception about the brand In recent years Samsung Galaxy shows strong brand association among customers. Customers believe the Galaxy brand has revamped the traditional image of Samsung by imp lementing unique design and technical application in the brand. Customers prefer to work on wide touch screen of Galaxy phones. Corporate Decisions The company has increased product line periodically after the first launch of Galaxy phone. The company takes help of above the line promotion to promote the brand. In the press release Galaxy brand emphasizes on product specification to attract customers. Corporate Activities Management of the company has taken decision to push the brand further and introduced low priced smart phones in the developing countries. (Source: Author’s Creation) Steps Undertaken by Management In the initial stage many critics pointed out that Galaxy would not be successful venture in a market dominated by Apple. Customers criticized Galaxy phones due to their caught in between nature (First model of Galaxy S was somewhere between tablet and smart phone due to its absurd size). Management has taken to steps to modify the phone by increasing screen size and application in their Galaxy S2 model. In the smart phone segment Apple was the leader and Samsung classified as new player in the segment. Customers accustomed with smart phone usage has raised question over display of the phone and rejected it. Management took the rejection as challenge and changed their research and development model to overcome initial problems. People have rejected initial models of Galaxy due to its unstable quad-core processor. Quad core processor of Galaxy was working slowly in comparison to Apple’s iPhone. The company has increased processor speed by increasing Ram memory in their next models. No one can deny that initial models of Galaxy smart phones were associated with cheap and plastic look and that is the main reason why people rejected initial models. The company is still working on that issue and with their all new metallic Galaxy S III they have somewhat sorted out the problem. Research & development team has designed new models with polyc arbonate material to enhance the look of the product. iPhone users criticized Galaxy smart phone due to poor wireless connectivity and slow media file sharing while Galaxy has answered back critics with their modified models. In the initial stage people were confused about applicability of Samsung Galaxy smart phone, and the company has not tried sufficiently to clear out confusion in the mind of customers. Brand image of Apple as smart phone maker was already established when Samsung

Communication In Nursing

Communication In Nursing To listen to another person is the most caring act of all. Listening and attending are by far the most important aspects of being a nurse (Burnard 1992). One of the basic elements of nursing is good communication skills with patients. Being unable to communicate well with a patient immediately can destroy the nurse/patient relationship and therefore the patient may not trust the nurse (Anon 2007). The purpose of this essay is to discuss the importance of communication in nursing. Without communication nurses would be unable to provide the correct care, but improving communication is a life-long developmental process (Ewles and Simnett 2005). I will draw upon my personal experience from the clinical area to show how well the theory relates to the practical side of nursing and use the process recording sheet for structure and guidance (Appendix i). In accordance with The Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008) Code of Conduct, nurses must respect peoples right to confidentiality. Therefore for the purpose of this essay I have used a pseudonym and the patient discussed is referred to as Carol Brown and any personal or identifiable information has also been altered so as to protect her privacy and dignity which are also enshrined in the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008) Code of Conduct. I asked Carol for explicit permission to use our interpersonal relationship in my communications essay and advised her of my obligations on my professional conduct to which I am bound by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008), regarding professional, moral and safe practice. Carol was in agreement to be involved with my assignment and on no account was her physical care at risk during this interaction. I was nearing the end of my placement in a general medical ward within a large general hospital. The ward treat a variety of medical complaints including diabetes, gastrointestinal disorders, stroke and alcohol liver disease. A young 36 year old female was admitted to the ward, now known as Carol Brown with an increased weight loss due to non-intentional self-neglect probably caused by her chronic condition although could be deep rooted to family relationships (Day and Leahy-Warren 2008). Carol was awaiting heart surgery, replacement hips and replacement knees at major surgical hospital in another area of the country. Her health status was poor as she suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and had a congenital heart defect. Carol was in need of pain management, and although it was currently being managed with a variety of powerful painkillers, these proved to have little relief. Carol spent the majority of time in bed due to her severe pain, and due to this she cried out a lo t. I thought that communication would be difficult with Carol as she was mostly in pain but I also believed that she would like someone to talk to but that person would need to be a good listener. It is important to remember that nurses have the duty to provide care holistically, for the whole person, not just for their physical needs but their mental and social needs too (Kenworthy et al. 2002). Carol liked to be washed in her bed every morning as movement for her was difficult. The bay that she was in was busy with little privacy and only the curtains for seclusion. I went into assist her to wash one morning and because of her psoriasis she needed special creams applied routinely. She spoke quietly about her illness and explained her difficulties to me. Her head was bowed and she had difficulty in making eye contact. She talked slowly and quietly and sometimes mumbled, she also appeared quite melancholy at times. Talking about her family, her illness and when she was younger made her sad and she was crying. I think this was cathartic for Carol and it could be that feelings beneath the surface may need uncovered in more detail to enable her to release her emotions (Bulman and Schutz 2008). I felt that Carols ability to communicate was linked to how she felt about herself. She was inclined to judge herself too severely and underestimated her abilities. This self-blame reflect ed her ability to communicate (Ewles and Simnett 2005). She was in so much pain, her head was bowed and she could not make eye contact. I was leaning in close to her bedside, touch was not good, her body was too sore. I tried to show empathy towards Carol by giving her time to talk, being patient and listening to her. This was an example of Egans (2007) Soler theory which is a non-verbal listening method that is used commonly in communication. Was she crying because she was in so much pain or was it because she was recalling happy memories from before she fell ill? I was keen in developing the therapeutic relationship. According to Arnold and Undermann-Boggs (2003), empathy is the ability to be sensitive to and communicate understanding of the patients feelings. Being compassionate is similar to being empathetic in a way that it is important to recognise that Carols feelings belong to her and not to me. I was interested in Carols illness, to learn more about her condition and hear about her difficulties. Getting to know your patient helps to promote dignified care (Nicholson et al. 2010). She was very independent and wanted to do as much as she could by herself. Help was minimal and she only asked when she was struggling to re-position her feet. I used active listening to allow to her speak without interrupting. Active listening is not only the act of hearing but of being able to interpretate any underlying meaning (Arnold and Undermann-Boggs (2003). I paid close attention to her facial expressions and body language and Argyle (1988 p.57) suggests facial expressions provide a running commentary on emotional states. I asked Carol open questions about her illness as I thought this would allow me to encourage her to talk and she responded to this well. Open ended questions are used to elicit the clients thoughts and perspectives without influencing the direction of an acceptable respon se (Arnold and Undermann-Boggs 2003 p.241). It also allowed Carol to describe her experiences, feelings and understandings and I felt this approach was appropriate. I wanted to try and distract her from her pain as I found it difficult to see her being so unhappy, so I commented on some magazines that were lying on her table and asked her about her taste in music. This was a good subject, her eyes lit up and she smiled. We finally made eye contact. Carol and myself were exchanging verbal and non-verbal communication in order to understand each others feelings. According to Kozier (2008) non-verbal communication can include the use of silence, facial expressions, touch and body posture. Carol was keen to talk about her taste in music and became very chatty, in fact, she became somewhat excited. I put some cds on for her to listen to and as I did this she asked me questions about my taste in music. There was now no barriers to our communication as we both shared the same taste in music. When the music was playing Carol was in a different world, she was more relaxed. Research has shown that the pain and tension of illnesses such as arthritis can be eased with music therapy (Murcott 2006). I took her hand and held it gently, her eyes were closed, she was smiling and she appeared more content. By holding her hand, I felt as though I was comforting and reassuring her. Touch is a form of non-verbal communication and can be a powerful way of communicating (le May 2004). This was an indication that I really did care and that I wanted to help her. Using touch skilfully and thoughtfully can convey that you are able to be with your patient (Benner 2001 p.57). Communication can be therapeutic and the music playing was not a barrier in communications, it was in fact beneficial. Music has the power to tap into our emotions and alleviate tension (Mallon 2000). Therefore, it is argued that effective communication is more than delivering high quality patient-centred care; but it also allows patients to feel involved in their care, which can make a significant difference to their outlook on their treatment (Collins 2009). Reflecting back I realised that I was really quite worried about the communication difficulties I was facing during my interaction. Carol was a very obstinate person who knew exactly what she needed and yet she desperately wanted to be as independent as possible. I wanted her to allow me in and for her to be comfortable with me. I am glad I eventually gained her trust and we both became more relaxed. Trust is an important element in the nurse/patient relationship and can in fact affect the patient care in practice (Bell and Duffy 2009). In fact, the impact that this interaction had on our relationship was that as the days went on we became very good friends and she was very special to me. Sully and Dallas (2005), suggests that to have an empathetic understanding of our patients needs we must recognise their need for comfort and we respond to this compassionately. It was important to be non-judgemental, I accepted Carol for who she was no matter what her circumstances were and my main concern was to care for her in a professional and beneficial way and in a manner that she preferred. The Royal College of Nursing (2003) suggests that the personal qualities of a nurse should include compassion, respect and a non-judgemental approach. Putting the interaction into perspective, I originally found Carol very demanding, always calling out and constantly pressing the call buzzer. Some staff were very reluctant to go to her because her personal care was very time consuming. It was time consuming but it was because she was in a lot of pain. Surely this was a barrier to communication as some staff did not take the time to listen to what Carol required and as health promoters, we need to develop skills of effective listening so that we can help people to talk and express their needs and feelings (Ewles and Simnett 2005). Rogers (2004) used the term unconditional positive regard, this meaning that people can be too judgemental and it is important to disregard how much of a b urden someone thinks a patient with complex needs might be and treat everyone equally. From recording and analysing my interactions I have learned to accept people for who they are as each of us have had different experiences throughout life and these experiences make us who we are. It was also important to acknowledge Carols point of view, her emotions and thoughts without judgement as being aware of these helped to appreciate her perspective and needs (Silverman et al. 2005). I have also learned to be a good listener and an active listener. Ewles and Simnett (2005) suggest that this means taking note of the non-verbal communication as well as the spoken words. It is important to maintain eye contact, observe the body language, listen properly and pick up on non-verbal signs as well as verbal signs. The environment is important too, along with being sensitive, honest and compassionate (Anon 2007). Collins (2007) argues that judgemental attitudes can stand in the way of getting to know your patient and that labels attached to individuals such as demented can act as a l anguage barrier. Effective nursing requires us to be assertive, responsible and to help our patients achieve the best possible health status (Balzer Riley 2008). In conclusion, the key points that have been discussed in this essay are that of the importance of communicating in nursing and how nurses can improve their communication skills and maintain their effectiveness. We must provide holistic care for our patients and the goal is to listen to the whole person and provide them with empathetic understanding. Another key point is that we must be non judgemental no matter what the patients circumstances are. Overall communication during this interaction was positive, therapeutic and helped to build a relationship. This essay has shown how personal experience from the clinical area relates the theory to the practical side of nursing and how it is imperative that communication is clear, understandable, appropriate and effective. 2059 words References ANON., 2007. Communication skills (essence of care benchmark). Nursing Times. http://www.nursingtimes.net/whats-new-in-nursing/communication-skills-essence-of-care-benchmark/361127.article (Accessed on 21.07.10). ARNOLD, E., and UNDERMANN-BOGGS, K., 2003. Interpersonal relationships: professional communication skills for nurses. 4th ed. Missouri: Saunders. BELL, E., and DUFFY, A., 2009. A concept analysis of nurse-patient trust. British Journal of Nursing. 18(1), pp. 46-51. BENNER, P., 2001. From novice to expert: excellence and power in clinical nursing practice. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. BLAZER-RILEY, J., 2008. Communication in nursing. 6th ed. Missouri: Elsevier. BULMAN, C., and SCHUTZ, S., 2008. Reflective practice in nursing. 4th ed. Sussex: Blackwell. BURNARD, P., 1992. Counselling: a guide to practice in nursing. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. COLLINS, S., 2009. Good communication helps to build a therapeutic relationship. Nursing Times. 105(24), pp.11-12. DAY, M.R., LEAHY-WARREN, P., (2008). Self-neglect 1: recognising features and risk factors. Nursing Times. 104(24), pp.26-27. EGAN, G., 2007. The skilled helper: a problem management and opportunity development approach to helping. 8th ed. California:Thomson. EWLES, L., and SIMNETT, I., 2005. Promoting health: a practical guide. 5th ed. Edinburgh: Bailliere Tindall. KENWORTHY, N., et al., 2002. Common foundation studies in nursing. 3rd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. KOZIER, B., et al., 2008. Fundamentals of nursing: concepts, process and practice. Essex: Pearson Education. LE MAY, A., 2004. Building rapport through non-verbal communication. Nursing and Residental Care. 6(10), pp. 488-491. MALLON, M., 2000. Healing Sounds. The Scotsman. 12th May, p.9. MURCOTT, T., 2006. Music Therapy. The Times. 18th February, p. 17. NICHOLSON, C. et al., 2010. Everybody matters 1: how getting to know your patients helps to promote dignified care. Nursing Times. 106(20), pp. 12-14. NURSING AND MIDWIFERY COUNCIL, 2008. The NMC code of professional conduct: standards for conduct, performance and ethics. London: NMC. ROGERS, C., 2004. On becoming a person: a therapists view of psychotherapy. London: Constable. ROYAL COLLEGE OF NURSING, 2003. Defining nursing. RCN. http://www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/78569/001998.pdf (Accessed on 29.07.10). SILVERMAN, J., et al., 2005. Skills for communicating with patients. 2nd ed. Oxon: Radcliffe publishing. SULLY, P., and DALLAS, J., 2005. Essential communication skills for nursing. Edinburgh: Elsevier. Communication in nursing Communication in nursing To listen to another person is the most caring act of all. Listening and attending are by far the most important aspect of being a nurse (Burnard 1992). One of the basics of good nursing is good communication skills with patients. Being unable to communicate well with a patient immediately can destroy the nurse/patient relationship and therefore the patient may not trust the nurse (Anon 2007). The purpose of this essay is the realise the importance of communication in nursing. Without communication nurses would be unable to provide the correct care, but improving communication is a life-long developmental process (Ewles and Simnett 2005). I will draw on my personal experience from the clinical area to show how well the theory relates to the practical side of nursing and use the process recording sheet for structure and guidance. In accordance with The Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008) Code of Conduct, nurses must respect peoples right to confidentiality. Therefore for the purpose of this essay the patient discussed is referred to as Miss C., and any personal or identifiable information has also been altered so as to protect her privacy and dignity which are also enshrined in the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008) Code of Conduct.. I asked Miss C. for explicit permission to use our interpersonal relationship in my communications essay and advised her of my obligations on my professional conduct to which I am bound by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008), regarding professional, moral and safe practice. Miss C., was in agreement to be involved with my assignment and on no account was her physical care at risk during this interaction. I was nearing the end of my placement in a general medical ward within a large general hospital. The ward had a variety of medical complaints including diabetes, gastrointestinal disorders, stroke and alcohol liver disease. A young 21 year old female was admitted to the ward, now known as Miss C., with an increased weight loss and she was in need of pain management. Miss C., was awaiting heart surgery, replacement hips and replacement knees at major surgical hospital in another area of the country. Her health status was poor as she suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and had a congenital heart defect. Miss Cs., pain was managed with oramorph, ketamine and fentanyl patches, but these proved to have little relief. Miss C., spent the majority of time in bed due to her severe pain, and due to this she cried out a lot. Her head was bowed and she had difficulty in making eye contact. She talked slowly and quietly and sometimes mumbled, she was also a very sad person. I thought t hat communication would be difficult with Miss C., as she was mostly in pain but I also believed that she would like someone to talk to but that person would need to be a good listener. It is important to remember that nurses have the duty to provide care holistically, for the whole person, not just for their physical needs but their mental and social needs too (Kenworthy et al. 2002). Miss C., liked to be washed in her bed every morning as movement for her was difficult. The bay that she was in was busy with little privacy only the curtains for seclusion. I went into wash her one morning and because of her psoriasis she needed special creams applied religiously. She spoke quietly about her illness and explained her difficulties to me. Talking about her family, her illness and when she was younger made her sad and she was crying. I felt that Miss Cs ability to communicate was linked to how she felt about herself. She was over-critical about herself and underestimated her abilities. This lack of self-confidence reflected her ability to communicate (Ewles and Simnett 2005). She was in so much pain, her head was bowed and she could not make eye contact. I was leaning in close to her bedside, touch was not good, her body was too sore. I tried to show empathy towards Miss C., by giving her time to talk, being patient and listening to her. Was she crying because she was in so much pain or was it because she was recalling happy memories from before she fell ill? I was desperately trying to understand how she may be feeling. According to Arnold and Boggs (2003), empathy is the ability to be sensitive to and communicate understanding of the patients feelings. Being compassionate is similar to being empathetic in a way that it is important to recognise that Miss Cs feelings belong to her and not to me. I was interested in Miss Cs illness, to learn more about her condition and hear about her difficulties. She was very independent and wanted to do as much as she could by herself. Help was minimal and she only asked when she was struggling to re-position her feet. I used active listening to allow to her speak without interrupting but I paid close attention to her facial expressions and body language. Argyle (see Kenworthy et al. 2002) suggests facial expressions provide a running commentary on emotional states. I asked Miss C. open questions about her illness as I thought this would allow me to encourage her to talk. It also allowed Miss C to describe her experiences, feelings and understandings. Open ended questions are used to elicit the client s thoughts and perspectives without influencing the direction of an acceptable response (Arnold and Boggs 2003 p.241). I wanted to try and take her mind off her pain as it was upsetting to see her being so unhappy, so I commented on some magazines that were lying on her table and asked her about her taste in music. This was a good subject, her eyes lit up and she smiled. We finally made eye contact. Using the semiotic school of thought, Miss C and myself were exchanging verbal and non-verbal communication in order to understand each others feelings. According to Kozier (2008) non-verbal communication can include the use of silence, facial expressions, touch and body posture. Miss C was keen to talk about her taste in music and became very chatty, in fact, she became sort of excited. I put some cds on for her to listen to and as I did this she asked me questions about my taste in music. There was now no barriers to our communication as we both shared the same taste in music. When the music was playing Miss C was in a different world, she was more relaxed. I took her hand and held it gently, her eyes w ere closed, she was smiling and she appeared more content. By holding her hand, I felt as though I was comforting and reassuring her. This was an indication that I really did care and that I wanted to help her. Using touch skilfully and thoughtfully can convey that you are able to be with your patient (Benner 2001 p.57). Communication can be therapeutic and the music playing was not a barrier in communications, it was in fact beneficial. Therefore, it is argued that effective communication is more than delivering high quality patient-centred care; but it also allows patients to feel involved in their care, which can make a significant difference to their outlook on their treatment (Collins 2009). Reflecting back I realised that I was really quite worried about the communication difficulties I was facing during my interaction. Miss C., was a very strong willed person who knew exactly what she needed and yet she desperately wanted to be as independent as possible. I wanted her to allow me in and for her to be comfortable with me. I am glad I eventually gained her trust and we both became more relaxed. In fact, the impact that this interaction had on our relationship was that as the days went on we became very good friends and she was very special to me. Sully and Dallas (2005), suggests that to have an empathetic understanding of our patients needs we must recognise their need for comfort and we respond to this compassionately. It was important to be non-judgemental, I accepted Miss C., for who she was no matter what her circumstances were and my main concern was to care for her in a professional and beneficial way and in a manner that she preferred. Putting the interaction int o perspective, I originally found Miss C very demanding, always calling out and constantly pressing the call buzzer. Some staff were very reluctant to go to her because her personal care was very time consuming. It was time consuming but it was because she was in a lot of pain. Surely this was a barrier to communication as some staff did not take the time to listen to what Miss C required and as health promoters, we need to develop skills of effective listening so that we can help people to talk and express their needs and feelings (Ewles and Simnett 2005). From recording and analysing my interactions I have learned to accept people for who they are as each of us have had different experiences throughout life and these experiences make us who we are. It was also important to acknowledge Miss Cs point of view, her emotions and thoughts without judgement as being aware of these helped to appreciate her perspective and needs (Silverman et al. 2005). I have also learned to be a good listener and an active listener. Ewles and Simnett (2005) suggest that this means taking note of the non-verbal communication as well as the spoken words. It is important to maintain eye contact, observe the body language, listen properly and pick up on non-verbal signs as well as verbal signs. The environment is important too, along with being sensitive, honest and compassionate (Anon 2007). Collins (2007) argues that judgemental attitudes can stand in the way of getting to know your patient and that labels attached to individuals such as demented can act as a language barrier. Effective nursing requires us to be assertive, responsible and to help our patients achieve the best possible health status (Balzer Riley 2008). In conclusion, the key points that have been discussed in this essay are that of the importance of communicating in nursing and how nurses can improve their communication skills and maintain their effectiveness. We must provide holistic care for our patients and the goal is to listen to the whole person and provide them with empathetic understanding. Another key point is that we must be non judgemental no matter what the patients circumstances are. Overall communication during this interaction was positive, therapeutic and helped to build a relationship. This essay has shown how personal experience from the clinical area relates the theory to the practical side of nursing and how it is imperative that communication is clear, understandable, appropriate and effective. 1819 words

Fathers and Sons in Hamlet Essay -- Shakespeare Hamlet

Fathers and Sons in Hamlet      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hamlet's father, Old King Hamlet who he looked up to was recently killed, and his mother married his uncle within a month. He receives a visit from the ghost of his father which urges him to "revenge [Claudius'] foul and most unnatural murder" (I, v, 32) of Old Hamlet. It is only logical that under these circumstances, Hamlet would be under great duress, and it would not be abnormal for him to express grief. Fortnibra and Laertes also have to deal with the avenging their fathers' death. Fortinbras and Laertes are parallel characters to Hamlet, and they provide critical points on which to compare the actions and emotions of Hamlet throughout the play. They are also important in Hamlet, as they are imperative to the plot of the play and the final resolution. Hamlet, Laertes and Fortinbras are three young men who are placed in similar circumstances, that is, to get revenge for their fathers' deaths. The way they each come to terms with their grief and how they rise to the call of vengeance is one of the main contrasts between the three. Hamlet is the Renaissance man who is well rounded in all areas. He has a tremendous acting abilities, and he is a scholar who analyzes everything and is very philosophical, as was shown in his assessment of life in the "To be, or not to be" soliloquy. Hamlet's philosophical side is also brought to light in the prayer scene. At this point he has the opportunity to kill Claudius while he is attempting to repent. However, Hamlet does not take that chance because he desires kill Claudius "when he is drunk asleep, or in his rage/ Or in the incestuous pleasure of his bed," so that "his soul will be as damn'd and black/ As hell, wher... ...nalyzed and executed as he planned. Fortinbras ability to act upon reason and not emotion is one of the most significant differences he has with Hamlet. Hamlet and Laertes represent the extremes of action. Fortinbras therefore, is the midpoint of the two extremes; his ability to reason and the act upon the reason has resulted in his possession of both lands and throne as he set out to avenge. Works Cited Adelman, Janet. 1985. 'Male Bonding in Shakespeare's Comedies.' In Shakespeare's Rough Magic: Renaissance Essays in Honor of C.L. Barber, edited by Peter Erickson and Coppà ©lia Kahn. Cranbury and London: Associated University Presses, 73-103. Boklund, Gunnar. "Hamlet." Essays on Shakespeare. Ed. Gerald Chapman. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1965.   Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Ed. T. J. B. Spencer. New York: Penguin, 1996.   

Genetics Worksheet

Genetic Worksheet Misanna Gordon SCI 230 December 02, 2012 Mitzie Sowell Associate Program Material Genetics Worksheet Review the images below and answer the follow-up questions. Key: Male affected with cystic fibrosis Unaffected male female affected with cystic fibrosis unaffected female Generation I II III IV V Pedigree showing inheritance of cystic fibrosis A Key: Male affected with cystic fibrosis Unaffected male female affected with cystic fibrosis unaffected female Generation I II III IV V Pedigree showing inheritance of cystic fibrosis A Questions: . According to the pedigree, is cystic fibrosis inherited as a dominant or as a recessive traitKey: male with Huntington’s Disease unaffected male female with Huntington’s Disease unaffected female Generation I II III IV V Pedigree showing Inheritance of Huntington’s Disease Key: male with Huntington’s Disease unaffected male female with Huntington’s Disease unaffected female Generation I II III IV V Pedigree showing Inheritance of Huntington’s Disease ? Explain how you made your conclusion using evidence from the pedigree and the principles of genetics.Cystic Fibrosis is considered to be a recessive trait. If a person has only one of the Cystic Fibrosis gene and one of the non-Cystic Fibrosis genes, the person could be a carrier of the Cystic fibrosis gene without having the Cystic Fibrosis disease. Referring back to the mentioning of Mendel, which states that the traits may not show up in a person but still can be passed down to the other generation. Mendel also mentioned that the inheritance of each of the trait can be determined by the genes that can pass down unchanged.Therefore if the Cystic Fibrosis gene is not present, it can become present dependent on the ratio of the amount of genes when it passes down. 2. What would a Punnett square that shows how the son in generation IV (marked with an A) inherited cystic fibrosis look like? [A]a] A [AA] A a] a [Aa] aa] K ey: male with Huntington’s disease unaffected male female with Huntington’s disease unaffected female Generation I II III IV V Pedigree showing inheritance of Huntington’s disease Key: male with Huntington’s disease unaffected male emale with Huntington’s disease unaffected female Generation I II III IV V Pedigree showing inheritance of Huntington’s disease B B Questions: 1. According to the pedigree, is Huntington’s disease inherited as a dominant or as a recessive traitKey: male with Huntington’s Disease unaffected male female with Huntington’s Disease unaffected female Generation I II III IV V Pedigree showing Inheritance of Huntington’s Disease Key: male with Huntington’s Disease unaffected male female with Huntington’s Disease unaffected female Generation I II III IV VPedigree showing Inheritance of Huntington’s Disease ? Explain how you made your conclusion using evidence from the pedigr ee and the principles of genetics. According to the pedigree, it is my belief that the Huntington’s disease is a recessive trait. My reason for the belief is that one of the family members at the beginning of the pedigree was affected by the disease. Also in the third generation, there was no family members affected as well. If the trait was dominant, more family members in the earlier stages of the pedigree would have been affected. 2.What would a Punnett square that shows how the first daughter in generation II (marked with a B) did not inherit Huntington’s disease look like? [B]b] [B]bb] 3. What is the role of chromosomes in the inheritance of genetic traits, such a cystic fibrosis and Huntington’s disease? The genetic traits are carried by the chromosomes. Within the normal cell, the chromosomes each have two parts which is the chromatids. There is also a reproductive cell which is made through the process called meiosis. The meiosis has only one chromatid f or each of the chromosomes. Genetics Worksheet Genetic Worksheet Misanna Gordon SCI 230 December 02, 2012 Mitzie Sowell Associate Program Material Genetics Worksheet Review the images below and answer the follow-up questions. Key: Male affected with cystic fibrosis Unaffected male female affected with cystic fibrosis unaffected female Generation I II III IV V Pedigree showing inheritance of cystic fibrosis A Key: Male affected with cystic fibrosis Unaffected male female affected with cystic fibrosis unaffected female Generation I II III IV V Pedigree showing inheritance of cystic fibrosis A Questions: . According to the pedigree, is cystic fibrosis inherited as a dominant or as a recessive traitKey: male with Huntington’s Disease unaffected male female with Huntington’s Disease unaffected female Generation I II III IV V Pedigree showing Inheritance of Huntington’s Disease Key: male with Huntington’s Disease unaffected male female with Huntington’s Disease unaffected female Generation I II III IV V Pedigree showing Inheritance of Huntington’s Disease ? Explain how you made your conclusion using evidence from the pedigree and the principles of genetics.Cystic Fibrosis is considered to be a recessive trait. If a person has only one of the Cystic Fibrosis gene and one of the non-Cystic Fibrosis genes, the person could be a carrier of the Cystic fibrosis gene without having the Cystic Fibrosis disease. Referring back to the mentioning of Mendel, which states that the traits may not show up in a person but still can be passed down to the other generation. Mendel also mentioned that the inheritance of each of the trait can be determined by the genes that can pass down unchanged.Therefore if the Cystic Fibrosis gene is not present, it can become present dependent on the ratio of the amount of genes when it passes down. 2. What would a Punnett square that shows how the son in generation IV (marked with an A) inherited cystic fibrosis look like? [A]a] A [AA] A a] a [Aa] aa] K ey: male with Huntington’s disease unaffected male female with Huntington’s disease unaffected female Generation I II III IV V Pedigree showing inheritance of Huntington’s disease Key: male with Huntington’s disease unaffected male emale with Huntington’s disease unaffected female Generation I II III IV V Pedigree showing inheritance of Huntington’s disease B B Questions: 1. According to the pedigree, is Huntington’s disease inherited as a dominant or as a recessive traitKey: male with Huntington’s Disease unaffected male female with Huntington’s Disease unaffected female Generation I II III IV V Pedigree showing Inheritance of Huntington’s Disease Key: male with Huntington’s Disease unaffected male female with Huntington’s Disease unaffected female Generation I II III IV VPedigree showing Inheritance of Huntington’s Disease ? Explain how you made your conclusion using evidence from the pedigr ee and the principles of genetics. According to the pedigree, it is my belief that the Huntington’s disease is a recessive trait. My reason for the belief is that one of the family members at the beginning of the pedigree was affected by the disease. Also in the third generation, there was no family members affected as well. If the trait was dominant, more family members in the earlier stages of the pedigree would have been affected. 2.What would a Punnett square that shows how the first daughter in generation II (marked with a B) did not inherit Huntington’s disease look like? [B]b] [B]bb] 3. What is the role of chromosomes in the inheritance of genetic traits, such a cystic fibrosis and Huntington’s disease? The genetic traits are carried by the chromosomes. Within the normal cell, the chromosomes each have two parts which is the chromatids. There is also a reproductive cell which is made through the process called meiosis. The meiosis has only one chromatid f or each of the chromosomes.